Can Birth Control Pills Affect Sexual Health? Expert Explains

Birth control pills are widely used by a range of women as a contraceptive method, to manage hormonal imbalances and also to deal with complicated menstrual problems. But many women wonder about the potential side effects of these. While the side effects differ from one composition and dosage to another, one common doubt women have is: do these pills impact sexual health?

We spoke to an expert to decode the impact of birth control pills on women’s sexual health.

How Birth Control Pills Work

Oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) primarily prevent pregnancy by regulating hormone levels.

They can also ease painful periods, treat acne, and control irregular menstrual cycles.

Read: Debunking 5 Common Myths Around Contraception: Expert Weighs In

“A large number of women opt for the pills. While they are safe, they are often associated with sexual health problems,” says Dr. Anjali Gupta, Consultant Obstetrics, Gynaecology & Laparoscopic Surgery, Motherhood Hospitals, Noida.

Can Birth Control Pills Affect Women’s Sexual Health?

The most commonly talked about side effect of pills is a reduction in libido, or sexual drive. But this isn’t a blanket side effect that all women experience.

“Not all oral contraceptive pills are associated with a reduction in sexual desire. This effect is more specifically linked to formulations that suppress ovarian androgen activity,” Dr. Gupta clarifies.

Some women may notice lower desire due to reduced testosterone levels or hormonal changes. “It is believed that some women may experience low sexual desire because of reduced levels of testosterone. Many also say that there can be vaginal dryness, as hormonal changes reduce natural lubrication, leading to discomfort during intercourse,” she explains.

Using lube or increasing foreplay can help reduce the discomfort.

Other Factors Impacting Sexual Health

Mood fluctuations may also play a role in sexual lives of women. “The fluctuations in estrogen and progesterone levels may impact a woman’s mood, indirectly influencing her libido,” she added.

However, Dr. Gupta emphasised, “There are no studies available to prove that birth control pills impact sexual health.”

The point is, libido is affected by various lifestyle choices, and circumstances. “Stress, relationship health, fatigue, and overall health can also affect sexual desire. Hence, it is not correct to blame the pill alone,” said Dr. Gupta.

If sexual health issues occur while on the pill, there are solutions, and women shouldn’t shy away from seeking help. “Experts suggest changing the pill formulation, using lubricants or vaginal moisturisers for dryness, or considering non-hormonal contraceptive methods,” advised Dr. Gupta.

Benefits of Birth Control Pills

While concerns exist, it’s important not to overlook the many advantages of the birth control pill. “These pills give women the power to plan their families and take control of their health. They help avoid unplanned pregnancies and reduce the risk of pregnancy-related health problems. Some methods also help control painful periods, acne, and irregular cycles,” Dr. Gupta explained.

She stressed, “Don’t avoid taking pills just because they are believed to cause sexual problems. Remember, there is no conclusive evidence regarding this. Not all pills reduce sexual desire; only those that negatively affect ovarian male hormones may do so. It is not right to say that all pills will reduce sexual desire.”

Birth control pills remain one of the safest and most effective methods of preventing unintended pregnancies, and a popular choice for women trying to manage other problems. While they may have side effects, those are all manageable with the right help.