Sucheta Pal, Women’s Health Specialist (CPPC), Explains Phases Of Menstrual Cycle

Understanding the Menstrual Cycle: A Four-Phase Journey

The menstrual cycle is a intricate process, comprising four distinct phases: Menstruation, Follicular Phase, Ovulation, and Luteal Phase. Each phase is marked by unique physiological changes, influencing both physical and emotional well-being.

Phase 1: Menstruation

Menstruation is the first phase of the menstrual cycle, where the uterus sheds its lining, resulting in bleeding. This phase typically lasts between 3-7 days and is influenced by hormonal changes. During this phase, women may experience symptoms such as cramps, bloating, and mood swings.

Phase 2: Follicular Phase

The follicular phase follows menstruation and is characterized by the growth of follicles in the ovaries. These follicles produce estrogen, promoting uterine lining thickening and preparing the body for potential pregnancy. This phase typically lasts around 10-14 days and is marked by an increase in estrogen levels.

Phase 3: Ovulation

Ovulation is a critical phase of the menstrual cycle, where a mature egg is released from the ovary. This brief window presents the highest chances of conception of a fertilized egg. Ovulation typically occurs around day 14 of a 28-day cycle and is influenced by a surge in luteinizing hormone (LH).

Phase 4: Luteal Phase

The luteal phase follows ovulation and is marked by progesterone production. This hormone helps maintain the uterine lining, supporting potential implantation of a fertilized egg. The luteal phase typically lasts around 10-14 days and is characterised by an increase in progesterone levels.

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